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ip命令

ip命令用来显示或操纵Linux主机的路由、网络设备、策略路由和隧道,是Linux下较新的功能强大的网络配置工具。

语法

ip(选项)(参数)

选项

-V:显示指令版本信息;
-s:输出更详细的信息;
-f:强制使用指定的协议族;
-4:指定使用的网络层协议是IPv4协议;
-6:指定使用的网络层协议是IPv6协议;
-0:输出信息每条记录输出一行,即使内容较多也不换行显示;
-r:显示主机时,不使用IP地址,而使用主机的域名。

参数

网络对象:指定要管理的网络对象;
具体操作:对指定的网络对象完成具体操作;
help:显示网络对象支持的操作命令的帮助信息。

实例

用ip命令显示网络设备的运行状态

[root@localhost ~]# ip link list
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:16:3e:00:1e:51 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
3: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:16:3e:00:1e:52 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff

显示更加详细的设备信息

[root@localhost ~]# ip -s link list
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    RX: bytes  packets  errors  dropped overrun mcast   
    5082831    56145    0       0       0       0      
    TX: bytes  packets  errors  dropped carrier collsns
    5082831    56145    0       0       0       0      
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:16:3e:00:1e:51 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    RX: bytes  packets  errors  dropped overrun mcast   
    3641655380 62027099 0       0       0       0      
    TX: bytes  packets  errors  dropped carrier collsns
    6155236    89160    0       0       0       0      
3: eth1: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
    link/ether 00:16:3e:00:1e:52 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    RX: bytes  packets  errors  dropped overrun mcast   
    2562136822 488237847 0       0       0       0      
    TX: bytes  packets  errors  dropped carrier collsns
    3486617396 9691081  0       0       0       0     

显示核心路由表

[root@localhost ~]# ip route list  
112.124.12.0/22 dev eth1  proto kernel  scope link  src 112.124.15.130
10.160.0.0/20 dev eth0  proto kernel  scope link  src 10.160.7.81
192.168.0.0/16 via 10.160.15.247 dev eth0
172.16.0.0/12 via 10.160.15.247 dev eth0
10.0.0.0/8 via 10.160.15.247 dev eth0
default via 112.124.15.247 dev eth1

显示邻居表

[root@localhost ~]# ip neigh list
112.124.15.247 dev eth1 lladdr 00:00:0c:9f:f3:88 REACHABLE
10.160.15.247 dev eth0 lladdr 00:00:0c:9f:f2:c0 STALE